How can malicious code cause damage?

Malicious code can cause damage in multiple ways, and the correct choice encompasses all of these potential impacts. Corrupting files is one method through which malicious software can cause havoc, rendering important data unreadable or unusable, thereby compromising the integrity of the information. Another significant threat is the encryption or erasure of hard drives, where malicious code can lock users out of their own data or completely wipe it, leading to total loss of important files and information. Additionally, malicious software often creates backdoors or vulnerabilities that allow hackers to gain unauthorized access to systems, further putting data and security at risk. By acknowledging that all of these outcomes can occur, the correct answer reflects the broad spectrum of threats posed by malicious code in cybersecurity. Understanding these various mechanisms emphasizes the importance of proactive security measures and vigilance in recognizing and mitigating cyber threats.